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| Title: | Trade, exchange rate, and agricultural pricing policies in Egypt |
| Author: | Dethier, Jean-Jacques |
| Year: | 1989 |
| Language: | English |
| Series: | The political economy of agricultural pricing policy |
| City of publisher: | Washington, DC |
| Publisher: | The World Bank |
| ISBN: | 0821312227; 0821312235 |
| Geographic term: | Egypt |
| Subjects: | price policy agricultural products cash crops trade |
| Abstract: | This study examines 25 years of Government intervention in agricultural price policy in Egypt. It focuses on five crops: cotton, rice, wheat, maize and sugarcane. It shows that, during 1960-1985, the price regime has discriminated strongly against agriculture. The net effect of all types of intervention, both sectoral and economy-wide, was to reduce the prices received by producers of those five crops. Urban consumers, particularly those in the lowest income groups, benefited from this intervention. The negative effects of intervention on the prices received by agricultural producers were particularly strong between 1960 and 1973. After 1973, when world prices of farm commodities surged upward and Egypt became a net importer of food, the Government became increasingly concerned with stabilizing domestic prices and adopted a more flexible agricultural price policy. Notwithstanding this more benign approach to agricultural producer prices, Government intervention has largely favoured consumers. Consumer subsidies during 1973-1985 boosted incomes of urban and landless rural workers but had a sharply negative impact on the macroeconomy. The study reports the effect of agricultural price intervention on output, consumption, income levels, the Government's budget and foreign exchange earnings. |