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| Title: | Social Class Differential in the Impact of Repression and Guerilla War on Rural Population and Development in Zimbabwe |
| Author: | Mazur, Robert E. |
| Year: | 1991 |
| Periodical: | Journal of Developing Areas |
| Volume: | 25 |
| Issue: | 4 |
| Period: | July |
| Pages: | 509-528 |
| Language: | English |
| Geographic term: | Zimbabwe |
| Subjects: | rural society social classes national liberation struggles war crimes guerrilla warfare Peoples of Africa (Ethnic Groups) nationalism |
| External links: | https://www.jstor.org/stable/4192022 http://search.proquest.com/pao/docview/1311642496 |
| Abstract: | Rural populations almost invariably become the battleground when government repression is unleashed in response to guerrilla mobilization and warfare. In considering the liberation war that led to the transition from Rhodesia to Zimbabwe in 1980, this article describes the manner in which social class is related to differences in the impact of guerilla war and repression on the rural population in terms of the loss of property and family members, and of population displacement. First, historical evidence is presented on the liberation war: its origins, popular mobilization and popular support for the liberation movement, the Rhodesian military's counterinsurgency and repression (propaganda and bribery, collective punishment of peasants, population displacement and 'protected villages'). Next, the author presents data pertaining to the consequences of the war from a survey held in 1984 among rural residents near Mount Darwin, an area in Zimbabwe that was greatly affected by the war. It was clear that the vast majority of the rural population was indeed severely affected by the war. The popular belief that the poorest rural segments suffer most was modified to anticipate greater losses among the richest as well as the poorest rural social classes. The results support this modification. Upperclass households experienced the greatest losses. In addition, households from the lowest occupational stratum were most severely affected. Employees on commercial farms and those engaged in nonagricultural economic activities were the least affected. Notes, ref. |