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 Periodical article |
 Leiden University catalogue |
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| Title: | Political Violence, 'Tribalism', and Inkatha |
| Authors: | Adam, Heribert Moodley, Kogila |
| Year: | 1992 |
| Periodical: | Journal of Modern African Studies |
| Volume: | 30 |
| Issue: | 3 |
| Period: | September |
| Pages: | 485-510 |
| Language: | English |
| Geographic term: | South Africa |
| Subjects: | assault and battery Ethnic and Race Relations Politics and Government nationalism Law, Human Rights and Violence |
| External link: | https://www.jstor.org/stable/161169 |
| Abstract: | Probably no other aspect of the South African conflict has elicited more divergent explanations and misinterpretations than the ongoing political violence. It is variously attributed to De Klerk's double agenda and unreformed police, a 'third force' of right-wing elements in the security establishment, Inkatha-ANC rivalry, the ANC's campaign of armed struggle, ingrained tribalism, and the legacy of apartheid in general. The present authors refute single-cause explanations. They de-emphasize a primary focus on the policies of leaders in favour of predisposing social conditions, such as the rural-urban divide, intergenerational cleavages, and the differential living conditions, social status, and heightened competition of long-time urban residents, shack dwellers, and migrants in single-men hostels. Regardless of peace accords signed at the top, antagonistic groups at the bottom often act violently outside of leadership control. This applies, in particular, to elements of the official security establishment, linked to right-wing agendas of destabilization of the negotiation process. Notes, ref. |
