The Appeals of Tuskegee: James Henderson, Lovedale, and the Fortunes of South African Liberalism

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Periodical article

Title:	The Appeals of Tuskegee: James Henderson, Lovedale, and the Fortunes of South African Liberalism
Author:	Rich, Paul B.
Year:	1987
Periodical:	International Journal of African Historical Studies
Volume:	20
Issue:	2
Pages:	271-292
Language:	English
Geographic term:	South Africa
Subjects:	liberalism missions History and Exploration Religion and Witchcraft Education and Oral Traditions Ethnic and Race Relations
External link:	https://www.jstor.org/stable/219843
Abstract:	In the period from 1910 to the start of the Second World War, Cape liberals, missionaries, and 'friends of the natives' channelled their energies into the debate on the nature of the newly formed white settler State. One of them was the Reverend James Henderson, who was principal of Lovedale from 1906 up to his death in 1930. As a member of the United Free Church of Scotland, Henderson combined a missionary zeal in the religious proselytization of African societies with a Darwinian commitment to their economic 'upliftment' and social 'evolution'. He was also important in linking the Tuskegee model of industrial training, founded by Booker T. Washington in Alabama, to a model of crofting with which he was directly familiar from his native Scotland. But Henderson proved powerless to halt the process of proletarianization in the Eastern Cape and destruction of the African peasant economy there. Notes, ref.