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| Title: | Development, Demarcation and Ecological Outcomes in Maasailand |
| Author: | Homewood, Katherine |
| Year: | 1995 |
| Periodical: | Africa: Journal of the International African Institute |
| Volume: | 65 |
| Issue: | 3 |
| Pages: | 331-350 |
| Language: | English |
| Geographic terms: | Kenya Tanzania |
| Subjects: | Maasai land use agricultural land Peoples of Africa (Ethnic Groups) History and Exploration colonialism |
| External link: | https://www.jstor.org/stable/1161050 |
| Abstract: | This article begins by setting out the position of the Maasai, their territory and social organization at the advent of the colonial period. It documents the progressive erosion of territory and the imposition of new boundaries on the Maasai from the 1880s to the present. It then uses the author's studies of the current Maasai land use and production system in Tanzania, together with comparative material from Kenya, to show how Maasai communities have dealt with these constraints. Data on livestock performance, wealth holdings, settlement size, diet and nutritional status are used as direct ecological indicators of the effects of boundary formation. The article discusses the nature and extent of the response of the Maasai communities, whether in circumventing imposed boundaries, exploiting and in some cases attacking the resources the boundaries were designed to protect, or in developing strategies to incorporate and use to good effect the opportunities that boundaries can present. The results are based on fieldwork at three sites in Ngorongoro Conservation Area in Tanzanian Maasailand in 1981-1983 and data collected by the International Livestock Centre for Africa (ILCA) in Kajiado/Kaputiei (Kenya) in 1981-1983, with additional information from Monduli and Loliondo in Tanzania and from Narok in Kenya as well as follow-up visits to the original sites. Bibliogr., sum. in English and French. |
