| Abstract: | In the years following the Addis Ababa Agreement of 1972 - the peace settlement which marked the end of the first civil war between south and north Sudan (1955-1972) - one of the first and largest assisted mass voluntary return operations took place. During that war about a million people had fled their home areas, 200,000 of whom were refugees, mostly in neighbouring countries. In these circumstances 'rehabilitation' was a daunting prospect. It required not only the rebuilding or replacing of what had once existed, but in many respects actually initiating the development process for the first time. This paper describes the parties involved in the return operation, which was successful because the Sudanese government was in a position to link relief and development. This was due to a number of factors: an attempted communist coup in Sudan made the major aid donor countries very willing to help; and it was in the political interest of Nimeiri's government in Khartoum to end the war and encourage foreign investment. |
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