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| Title: | From Hill Station (Freetown) to Downtown Conakry (First Ward): Comparing French and British Approaches to Segregation in Colonial Cities at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century |
| Author: | Goerg, Odile |
| Year: | 1998 |
| Periodical: | Canadian Journal of African Studies |
| Volume: | 32 |
| Issue: | 1 |
| Pages: | 1-31 |
| Language: | English |
| Geographic terms: | Sierra Leone Guinea |
| Subjects: | segregation colonialism urban history Urbanization and Migration Ethnic and Race Relations History and Exploration |
| External link: | https://www.jstor.org/stable/486222 |
| Abstract: | This article uses the examples of Freetown (Sierra Leone) and Conakry (Guinea) to illustrate changes in urban colonial policy at the turn of the 20th century. Despite differences in the historical development of Freetown (founded by the British in 1787) and Conakry (founded by the French in 1885), around 1900 separation measures began to be implemented in both cities, which reflected the contemporary discourse on hygiene and urban sanitation. In British Africa, residential segregation took its inspiration from India, where summer locations, known as 'Hill Stations', were built for the British. A separate residential quarter, six miles from Freetown, was built in 1902-1904. The French adopted a somewhat different approach. Influenced by assimilation theory, French urban policy was based not on race, but on living standards and cultural characteristics. First two, then three zones were distinguished in Conakry, the first zone being the closest to the seat of the colonial administration and therefore the most expensive. The result in both cases was a dualism between the 'white city' and the African districts or 'villages'. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. in French. |
