| Abstract: | The 1960 and earlier censuses of Ghana indicate a substantial urban-rural fertility differential. Urban-rural mortality differentials increase the: apparent fertility differentials. One explanation is the enumeration of some females in the towns, while one or more of their surviving children were enumerated outside. Nevertheless in 1960 the 4 largest towns exhibited birth levels about 11% below those of the population in surrounding regions. Half the differential can be attributed to a general urban-rural differential, half to socio-economic differentials within the towns. Urban fertility reduction is explained by, with extended education associated, delayed female marriage. Amongst the higher socio-economic groups a small part of the reduction is attributed to prevention of pregnancy within marriage, on ground of socio-cultural and economic motives. The fertility differentials show some, becoming more widespread, fertility decline among key groups. References; tables. |
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