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Periodical article Periodical article Leiden University catalogue Leiden University catalogue WorldCat catalogue WorldCat
Title:Giving Orders in Rural Southern Rhodesia: Controversies over Africans' Authority in Development Programs, 1928-1934
Author:Summers, CarolISNI
Year:1998
Periodical:International Journal of African Historical Studies
Volume:31
Issue:2
Pages:279-300
Language:English
Geographic terms:Zimbabwe
Great Britain
Subjects:colonialism
colonial policy
indigenous peoples
schooling
History and Exploration
Ethnic and Race Relations
Peoples of Africa (Ethnic Groups)
External link:https://www.jstor.org/stable/221084
Abstract:In Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) during the 1920s and 1930s, government officials, missionaries and educated Africans saw African communities in crisis. Individualism threatened communal identities; customs and values were mutating under economic, social and political pressure from an increasingly segregationist settler-dominated State. In this context, policymakers saw schools and their surrounding communities as the most important potential sources of ordered change. The Jeanes programme, imported from the United States in the wake of the Phelps-Stokes Commission, was the single most prominent effort to reconcile order and change, communal values and individualism. This article focuses on the period from 1928 to 1935, Depression years, when Harold Jowitt was director of native development. During these years, debates over the Jeanes teacher programme, and specifically over the careers of Matthew Magorimbo, a Salvation Army Jeanes teacher, and Lysias Mukahleyi, a Dutch Reformed Church Jeanes teacher, exposed both the needs that drew the administration and missions toward community-based development, and the questions of power, authority and resources that blocked community development from achieving its stated aims. Notes, ref.
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