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Periodical article Periodical article Leiden University catalogue Leiden University catalogue WorldCat catalogue WorldCat
Title:Zulu masculinities, warrior culture and stick fighting: reassessing male violence and virtue in South Africa
Authors:Carton, BenedictISNI
Morrell, RobertISNI
Year:2012
Periodical:Journal of Southern African Studies (ISSN 1465-3893)
Volume:38
Issue:1
Pages:31-53
Language:English
Geographic term:South Africa
Subjects:Zulu
masculinity
combat sports
traditional weapons
External link:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03057070.2011.640073
Abstract:Zulu soldiers are renowned for decimating a British army at the Battle of Isandlwana in 1879. This military victory not only entrenched a legacy of merciless conquest long attributed to King Shaka, but also sensationalized the idea that Zulu men are natural-born killers. The authors reassess this stereotype by scrutinizing the 'Shakan' version of martial culture and its reputed links to the formative encounters of Zulu men. One such experience involved boyhood exploits in stick fighting, a mostly rural sport associated with fearsome warriors and masculine aggression in South Africa. Using a gendered framework, the authors identify the customary obligations and homosocial allegiances shaping hierarchies of patriarchy which regulated stick fighting in a regional hotbed of competition, the Thukela Valley of KwaZulu-Natal. Focusing on a century of dramatic transformations (early 1800s to early 1900s), they examine overlooked vernacular expressions of stick fighting that reinforced the importance of self-mastery and 'honour', metaphors of manhood that bolstered kinship obligations during social turmoil. They also highlight the sport's sometimes unforgiving outcomes, including ruthless retribution and painful ostracism, which combined with encroaching forces of white domination to change rules of engagement and propel young men from their traditional upbringing into labour migrancy. However, the ethos of stick fighting - namely learning restraint - remained vital to the socialization of boys. Notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract]
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