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Periodical article Periodical article Leiden University catalogue Leiden University catalogue WorldCat catalogue WorldCat
Title:Inequality, economic growth and poverty in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)
Authors:Ncube, MthuliISNI
Anyanwu, John C.ISNI
Hausken, KjellISNI
Year:2014
Periodical:African Development Review (ISSN 1467-8268)
Volume:26
Issue:3
Pages:435-453
Language:English
Geographic term:Northern Africa
Subjects:economic development
poverty
income distribution
economic inequality
economic models
External link:https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8268.12103
Abstract:In this paper, the authors have presented the patterns of inequality, growth and income inequality in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Using a cross-sectional time series data of MENA countries for the period 1985-2009, they have also investigated the effect of income inequality on key societal development, namely economic growth and poverty, in the region. The empirical results show that income inequality reduces economic growth and increases poverty in the region. Other factors having significant negative effect on economic growth in the MENA region include previous growth rate, exchange rate, government consumption expenditure or government burden, initial per capita GDP, inflation and primary education. On the other hand, variables positively and significantly associated with MENA's economic growth are domestic investment rate, urbanization, infrastructure development, and mineral rent as a percentage of GDP. In addition, apart from income inequality, other factors increasing poverty in the region are foreign direct investment, population growth, inflation rate, and the attainment of only primary education. Poverty-reducing variables in the region include domestic investment, trade openness, exchange rate, income per capita, and oil rents as a percentage of GDP. Bibliogr., sum. [Journal abstract]
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